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USE OF NONINVASIVE PARAMETERS TO EVALUATE SWISS WEBSTER MICE DURING TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE INFECTION
Author
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Biofilmes. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Biofilmes. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Until now, there has been neither an agreed-upon
experimental model nor descriptors of the clinical symptoms that occur
over the course of acute murine infection. The aim of this work is to use
noninvasive methods to evaluate clinical signs in Swiss Webster mice that
were experimentally infected with the Y strain of Trypanosoma cruzi
during acute phase (Inf group). Infected mice showed evident clinical
changes beginning in the second week of infection (wpi) when compared to
the noninfected group (NI): (1) animals in hunched postures, closed eyes,
lowered ears, peeling skin, increased piloerection, prostration, and social
isolation; (2) significant decrease in body weight (Inf: 26.2 6 2.6 g vs. NI:
34.2 6 2.5 g) and in chow (1.5 6 0.3 vs. 6.3 6 0.5 mg) and water (2.4 6
0.5 vs. 5.8 6 0.7 ml) intake; (3) significant decrease of spontaneous activity
as locomotor parameters: distance (0.64 6 0.06 vs. 1.8 6 0.13 m), velocity
(1.9 6 0.3 vs. 6.7 6 1.5 cm/sec), and exploratory behavior by frequency
(1.0 6 0.5 vs. 5.7 6 1.0 events) and duration (1.4 6 0.3 vs. 5.1 6 0.5 sec in
central arena region); (4) significant increase in the PR (41.7 6 8.7 vs. 27.6
6 1.9 msec) and QT intervals (39.7 6 2.0 vs. 27.5 6 4.0 msec), and a
decreased cardiac frequency (505 6 52.8 vs. 774 6 17.8 msec), showing a
marked sinus bradycardia and an atrioventricular block. At 3 and 4 wpi,
the surviving animals showed a tendency of recovery in body weight, food
intake, locomotor activity, and exploratory interest. Through the use of
noninvasive parameters, we were able to monitor the severity of the
infection in individuals prior to death. Our perspective is the application
of noninvasive methods to describe clinical signs over the course of acute
infection complementing the preclinical evaluation of new agents, alone or
in combination with benznidazole.
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