In Brazil, dogs are of great importance in the epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) as they are considered the main domestic reservoir for Leishmania infantum parasites. Studies have already shown that the appearance of human cases is preceded by the emergence of the disease in dogs. Within the context of one health, monitoring the occurrence of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is essential for controlling this zoonosis in both the human and canine populations. The main objective of this project was to describe the occurrence and spatial distribution of CanL in Itaberaba from 2012 to 2018 and to correlate the findings with the social and demographic situation of the municipality. Itaberaba municipality is in the state of Bahia, in the Northeast region of Brazil. Data from cases of CanL, confirmed by serological protocol, detected by the Health Department of the municipality were used. The characteristics of human VL cases that occurred in the same period within the geographic limits of the municipality were also evaluated. The addresses of the human and canine cases included were georeferenced. A descriptive analysis of the main demographic characteristics found in the affected dogs was carried out, and the occurrence of CanL was evaluated by year and by region/district of the municipality. Spatial analyzes and maps were produced using the free software QGIS. The spatial analysis was carried out on a cartographic basis of the municipal network and census sectors obtained in the Brazilian Demographic Census of the year 2010. Additionally, satellite images from different years of the territory of Itaberaba were acquired to evaluate environmental characteristics, such as the vegetation cover index. According to data from the Health Department of Itaberaba, from 2013 to 2018, there were seven cases of VL, with the death of one child in 2013. The municipality lacks a zoonosis control center, so the investigations to detect CanL cases are performed only on spontaneous demand from the population or in the presence of dogs with a clinically suggestive CanL. At this point, we evaluated 2038 reports from 2012 and 2015. CanL occurrence was 21% (95/446) in 2012, 32% (274/846) in 2013,44% (254/574) in 2014, and 5,8% (10/172) in 2015. We are still analyzing data from 2016 to 2018. CanL is considered endemic in Itaberaba, with high occurrence rates through the years. . In the spatial distribution, it was possible to observe the poorest locations as the most affected. This is the first official report regarding the occurrence of CanL in Itaberaba. The systematic evaluation of reported cases in the municipality may provide important information about the areas of greatest risk, determining which environmental characteristics may be influencing the occurrence of this zoonosis. The results of this project may directly influence the implementation of public policies to control CanL in the region, which may indirectly reduce the incidence of human disease.