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ECOLOGIC, GEOCLIMATIC, AND GENOMIC FACTORS MODULATING PLAGUE EPIDEMICS IN PRIMARY NATURAL FOCUS, BRAZIL
Bezerra, Matheus F. et al. | Date Issued: 2024
Author
Bezerra, Matheus F.
Fernandes, Diego L. R. S.
Rocha, Igor V.
Pitta, João L. L. P.
Freitas, Natan D. A.
Oliveira, André L. S.
Guimarães, Ricardo J. P. S.
Gomes, Elainne C. S.
Andreazzi, Cecília Siliansky de
Sobreira, Marise
Rezende, Antonio M.
Cordeiro-Estrela, Pedro
Almeida, Alzira M. P.
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Mamíferos. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Núcleo de Geoprocessamento. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Geoprocessamento. Belém, PA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain / International Platform for Science. Technology and Innovation in Health. Ílhavo, Portugal.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. René Rachou Institute. Group of Biotechnology Applied to Pathogens. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Mamíferos. João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Abstract
Plague is a deadly zoonosis that still poses a threat in many regions of the world. We combined epidemiologic, host, and vector surveillance data collected during 1961-1980 from the Araripe Plateau focus in northeastern Brazil with ecologic, geoclimatic, and Yersinia pestis genomic information to elucidate how these factors interplay in plague activity. We identified well-delimited plague hotspots showing elevated plague risk in low-altitude areas near the foothills of the plateau's concave sectors. Those locations exhibited distinct precipitation and vegetation coverage patterns compared with the surrounding areas. We noted a seasonal effect on plague activity, and human cases linearly correlated with precipitation and rodent and flea Y. pestis positivity rates. Genomic characterization of Y. pestis strains revealed a foundational strain capable of evolving into distinct genetic variants, each linked to temporally and spatially constrained plague outbreaks. These data could identify risk areas and improve surveillance in other plague foci within the Caatinga biome.
Keywords
Brazil
One Health
Plague
Yersinia pestis
Bacteria
Climate
Ecological network
Parasites
Rainfall
Vector-borne infections
Zoonoses
 
Publisher
National Center for Infectious Diseases. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Citation
BEZERRA, Matheus F. et al. Ecologic, Geoclimatic, and Genomic Factors Modulating Plague Epidemics in Primary Natural Focus, Brazil. Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 30, n. 9, p. 1850-1864, Sept. 2024.
DOI
10.3201/eid3009.240468
ISSN
1080-6040