Background: Drug dispensing is a service provided by pharmacists to ensure the supply of medications and other health-related products. However, despite the importance of dispensing services, Public Community Pharmacies (PCP) in Brazil still focus on the control and distribution of medicines and supplies. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate how the pharmacists in charge conduct and the challenges they encounter in dispensing services in PCP. Methods: This is a mixed methods study, with a representative sample of 26 municipalities (whose populations vary between 37,784 and 409,341 inhabitants) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data collection took place between April and October 2019 and included interviews and documentary research. Quantitative data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and qualitative data was subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: 24 dispensing services were analyzed. The PCP had, on average, two active pharmacists and operated full-time (40 h per week). In relation to dispensing services, the most frequently mentioned steps were checking the adequacy of the prescription received, followed by providing counseling to the user about the medicines, mainly regarding administration, storage and disposal. The results highlighted a need for improvements in terms of infrastructure, workforce and the pharmacist's work process. Conclusion: It is necessary to invest and to design improvement strategies in dispensing services, especially regarding physical infrastructure, human resources and work processes.