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https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/19212
ATIVIDADE BIOLÓGICA E TEOR DE QUASSINOIDES DOS FRUTOS DA PLANTA MEDICINAL AMAZÔNICA PICROLEMMA SPRUCEI (SIMAROUBACEAE)
Author
Affilliation
National Institute for Amazonian Research. Department of Technology and Innovation. Amazonian Active Principles Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Federal University of Amazonas. Graduate Program in Biotechnology. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
State University of Amazonas. School of Health. Department of Society, Environment and Health. Malaria and Dengue Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
National Institute for Amazonian Research. Department of Technology and Innovation. Amazonian Active Principles Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Federal University of Amazonas. Graduate Program in Biotechnology. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Tropical Medicine Foundation – Heitor Vieira Dourado. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Center for Biosciences. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology. Malaria and Toxoplasmosis Biology Laboratory. Natal, RN, Brasil.
National Institute for Amazonian Research. Department of Society, Environment and Health. Malaria and Dengue Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
National Institute for Amazonian Research. Department of Technology and Innovation. Amazonian Active Principles Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
State University of Amazonas. School of Health. Department of Society, Environment and Health. Malaria and Dengue Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
National Institute for Amazonian Research. Department of Technology and Innovation. Amazonian Active Principles Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Federal University of Amazonas. Graduate Program in Biotechnology. Manaus, AM, Brasil / Tropical Medicine Foundation – Heitor Vieira Dourado. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Center for Biosciences. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology. Malaria and Toxoplasmosis Biology Laboratory. Natal, RN, Brasil.
National Institute for Amazonian Research. Department of Society, Environment and Health. Malaria and Dengue Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
National Institute for Amazonian Research. Department of Technology and Innovation. Amazonian Active Principles Laboratory. Manaus, AM, Brasil.
Abstract in Portuguese
Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f. (Simaroubaceae) é uma planta medicinal utilizada por toda a região Amazônica no tratamento da malária. Nenhum trabalho anterior foi publicado sobre a atividade biológica ou composição química dos frutos desta espécie. No presente estudo, a atividade antimalárica dos frutos de P. sprucei foi avaliada. Além disso, um método analítico simples e rápido baseado em cromatografia em camada delgada-fotodensitometria (CCD-FD) é utilizado para a determinação semi-quantitativa do teor de quassinóides isobruceina B (1) e neosergeolida (2) nos frutos de P. sprucei. Extratos etanólicos do fruto inteiro, pericarpo e sementes (caroços) de P. sprucei exibiram elevada atividade in vitro (CI50 = 0,6, 1,5 e 0,2 mg/mL, respectivamente) frente à cepa K1 do parasita da malária humana Plasmodium falciparum. Frações obtidas em hex, CHCl3, AcOEt, BuOH e MeOH-H2O, por partição liquid-líquido dos extratos etanólicos das sementes e pericarpos, também proveram elevada atividade antimalárica (CI50 = 0,01-3,7 mg/mL para frações obtidas das sementes e CI50 = 0,01-9,1 mg/mL para frações obtidas dos pericarpos). As frações clorofórmicas apresentaram as maiores atividades antimaláricas (CI50 = 10 ng/mL), provavelmente devido ao teor elevado de quassinóides. A fração clorofórmica do extrato da semente exibiu 39,8 % (m/m) de 1 e 3,5% (m/m) de 2 enquanto a fração clorofórmica do extrato do pericarpo continha 5,0 % (m/m) de cada quassinóide. A atividade antiplasmodial das frações foi presumivelmente devida à presença de quassinóides e não-quassinóides ativos. A polpa da fruta e o caroço tem potencial como agentes fitoterápicos.
Abstract
Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f.(Simaroubaceae) is a medicinal plant that is used throughout the Amazon region in
the treatment of malaria. No previous report has been published on the biological activity or chemical composition
of the fruit of this species. In the present study, antimalarial effects of the fruit from P. sprucei was evaluated.
Furthermore, a rapid and simple thin-layer chromatography-photodensitometry (TLC-PD) analytical method is
utilized for the semi-quantitative determination of the quassinoids isobrucein B (1) and neosergeolide (2) in
P. sprucei fruit. EtOH extracts of the whole fruit, pericarp and seeds (pits) of P. sprucei exhibited high in vitro
inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.6, 1.5 and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively) against the K1 strain of the human malaria parasite
Plasmodium falciparum. Hex, CHCl3
, EtOAc, BuOH and MeOH-H2
O fractions obtained by liquid-liquid partitioning
of seed and pericarp EtOH extracts provided seed (IC50 = 0.01-3.7 mg/mL) and pericarp (IC50 = 0.01-9.1 mg/
mL) fractions exhibiting high inhibitory activity against P. falciparum. CHCl3
fractions had the highest in vitro
antimalarial activities (IC50 = 10 ng/mL), probably due the high quassinoid content. The CHCl3
fraction of the seed
extract exhibited 39.8 % (m/m) of 1 and 3.5% (m/m) of 2 while the CHCl3
fraction of the pericarp extract contained
5.0 % (m/m) of each quassinoids. The antiplasmodial activity of the fractions was due presumably to quassinoid
and non-quassinoid active components. P. sprucei fruit pulp and pit have potential as phytotherapeutic agents.
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