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https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/50067
DYNAMIC DISPERSION OF HIV-1 SUBTYPE C TOWARD BRAZILIAN NORTHEASTERN REGION
Author
Affilliation
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Núcleo de Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Bahia, Brasil.
Universidade Católica do Salvador. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Núcleo de Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímia e Biofísica. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Minas Gerais, BH, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Núcleo de Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Bahia, Brasil.
Universidade Católica do Salvador. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Núcleo de Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímia e Biofísica. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Laboratório de Genética Celular e Molecular. Minas Gerais, BH, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Núcleo de Bioinformática, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biofísica. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Abstract
The subtype C accounts for >50% of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infections worldwide and it is currently the predominant
viral form in South Brazil. Subtype C has been reported in all Brazilian regions; however, the
phylogenetic relationship among strains circulating in those regions still remains unclear. This study aimed to
investigate the origin and dynamic dispersion of HIV-1 subtype C toward Northeast Brazil. Our phylogenetic
analysis suggests that most subtype C strains circulating in Brazil (99%) are descendant from the main lineage
whose entrance in the country was previously described in the 1970s. According to the literature, additional
introductions of subtype C were reported in the country through the Southeast region and in this study we
identified another entry event that occurred most likely through the North region. Furthermore, our analysis
suggests that the spread of subtype C to Brazilian Northeastern states occurred through multiple independent
introductions of the main lineage that originated in South Brazil between mid-1980s and late 1990s. Despite the
observation of eventual new HIV-1 subtype C introductions, our results highlight the predominance of a single
lineage of this subtype in Brazil and the importance of South region in its dissemination throughout the country.
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