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SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION DENGUE CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES FOR SEVERE DENGUE ASSESSMENT IN CHILDREN IN RIO DE JANEIRO
Author
Affilliation
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Laboratório de Engenharia em Sistemas de Saúde. Programa de Engenharia Bioméica. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Hospital Municipal Jesus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Laboratório de Engenharia em Sistemas de Saúde. Programa de Engenharia Bioméica. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Hospital Municipal Jesus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Laboratório de Engenharia em Sistemas de Saúde. Programa de Engenharia Bioméica. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Background:The clinical definition of severe dengue fever remains a challenge for researchers in hyperendemic areas like
Brazil. The ability of the traditional (1997) as well as the revised (2009) World Health Organization (WHO) dengue case
classification schemes to detect severe dengue cases was evaluated in 267 children admitted to hospital with laboratory-confirmed dengue.
Principal Findings:Using the traditional scheme, 28.5% of patients could not be assigned to any category, while the revised
scheme categorized all patients. Intensive therapeutic interventions were used as the reference standard to evaluate the
ability of both the traditional and revised schemes to detect severe dengue cases. Analyses of the classified cases (n = 183)
demonstrated that the revised scheme had better sensitivity (86.8%,P,0.001), while the traditional scheme had better
specificity (93.4%,P,0.001) for the detection of severe forms of dengue.
Conclusions/Significance:This improved sensitivity of the revised scheme allows for better case capture and increased ICU
admission, which may aid pediatricians in avoiding deaths due to severe dengue among children, but, in turn, it may also
result in the misclassification of the patients’ condition as severe, reflected in the observed lower positive predictive value
(61.6%, P,0.001) when compared with the traditional scheme (82.6%, P,0.001). The inclusion of unusual dengue
manifestations in the revised scheme has not shifted the emphasis from the most important aspects of dengue disease and
the major factors contributing to fatality in this study: shock with consequent organ dysfunction.
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