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HEPATITIS C PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS IN CENTRAL BRAZIL: A SURVEY BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AND SEROLOGICAL METHODS
Autor
Afiliación
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Innogenetics N.V.. Ghent, Belgium / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia. Goiânia, Go, Brasil.
Innogenetics N.V.. Ghent, Belgium / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Resumen en ingles
An hemodialysis population in Central Brazil was screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
and serological methods to assess the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and to investigate
associated risk factors. All hemodialysis patients (n=428) were interviewed in eight dialysis units in
Goiânia city. Blood samples were collected and serum samples screened for anti-HCV antibodies by an
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive samples were retested for confirmation with a
line immunoassay (LIA). All samples were also tested for HCV RNA by the PCR. An overall prevalence
of 46.7% (CI 95%: 42-51.5) was found, ranging from 20.7% (CI 95%: 8.8-38.1) to 90.4% (CI 95%:
79.9-96.4) depending on the dialysis unit. Of the 428 patients, 185 were found to be seropositive by
ELISA, and 167 were confirmed positive by LIA, resulting in an anti-HCV prevalence of 39%. A total of
131 patients were HCV RNA-positive. HCV viremia was present in 63.5% of the anti-HCV-positive
patients and in 10.3% of the anti-HCV-negative patients. Univariate analysis of risk factors showed that
the number of previous blood transfusions, transfusion of blood before mandatory screening for antiHCV, length of time on hemodialysis, and treatment in multiple units were associated with HCV positivity. However, multivariate analysis revealed that blood transfusion before screening for anti-HCV and
length of time on hemodialysis were significantly associated with HCV infection in this population.
These data suggest that nosocomial transmission may play a role in the spread of HCV in the dialysis
units studied. In addition to anti-HCV screening, HCV RNA detection is necessary for the diagnosis of
HCV infection in hemodialysis patients.
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