| Advisor | Siciliano, Salvatore | pt_BR |
| Author | Vega Ruiz, Claudia Maribel | |
| Access date | 2012-09-06T01:11:44Z | |
| Available date | 2012-09-06T01:11:44Z | |
| Document date | 2008 | |
| Citation | VEGA RUIZ, Claudia Maribel. El Pingüino de Magallanes (Spheniscus magellanicus) como indicador de calidad en salud ambiental: un estudio comparativo ecotoxicológico y de historia natural. 2008. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde Pública) - Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 2008. | pt_BR |
| URI | https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4967 | |
| Language | por | pt_BR |
| Rights | open access | pt_BR |
| Title | El Pingüino de Magallanes (Spheniscus magellanicus) como indicador de calidad en salud ambiental: un estudio comparativo ecotoxicológico y de historia natural | pt_BR |
| Alternative title | Penguin of Magallanes (Spheniscus magellanicus) like indicator of quality in environmental health: an ecotoxicological comparative study and of natural history | pt_BR |
| Type | Dissertation | pt_BR |
| Departament | Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. | pt_BR |
| Defense Institution | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. | pt_BR |
| Degree level | Mestre | pt_BR |
| Place of Defense | Rio de Janeiro/RJ | pt_BR |
| Program | Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Pública | pt_BR |
| Co-Advisor | Barrocas, Paulo Rubens Guimarães | pt_BR |
| Abstract | In the present work, we propose the Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) as a
biondicador of environmental health in the South Atlantic Ocean through the
monitoring of heavy metal exposure. Levels of cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead
(Pb) were analyzed in the tissues combined with the knowledge of natural history of the
species. Two groups of stranded first-year Magellanic penguins were studied in two
different areas of the Brazilian coast: 35 specimens from Região dos Lagos (group 1)
and 12 penguins in Rio Grande do Sul (group 2). Hg, Cd and Pb concentrations were
analyzed in liver and pectoral muscles of the two groups by Atomic Spectometry
techniques. In addition, gastrointestinal tract contents were collected in Group 1.
Cephalopod beaks of Argonauta nodosa were found in most of the specimens analyzed.
Cephalopods are known for their capacity to concentrate Cd and Hg and introduce them
to the food chain. The Pb concentration mean in both groups was below 0.1µg/g that is
a value register from seabirds that live in non-polluted environment with this metal; the
concentrations of Cd in liver and Hg in liver and muscles were higher in group 1 (Cd:
6.8 µg/g; Hg in liver: 1.6µg/g and muscle 0.4 µg/g) than in group 2 (Cd: 2.3 µg/g; Hg in
liver: 0.9µg/g and muscle 0.2 µg/g). The concentration of these metals could be from
natural sources but the possibility of contamination by anthropogenic sources should be
considered as well. The southeast coast of Brazil is highly urbanized and has many
industrialized areas contaminating the coastal water with their wastes. In result, this
could be one of the factors that influence this difference of Cd and Hg concentrations in
both groups. In addition, the fact that the specimens of group 1 had a longer
displacement and a major mobilization of the elements to the liver due to evident
muscles mass reduction and higher energy consumption could also have resulted in
these higher concentrations. It is important to conduct further studies in S. magellanicus
as it is a seabird species which natural history is well known, is widely distributed, a top
predator, and has being recorded annually through stranding of juveniles along the
southern Brazilian coast. These conditions make easier the possibility of long term
monitoring for heavy metal or some other pollutant that bioaccumulate through the food
chain. | |
| xmlui.metadata.dc.description.abstractes | El present trabajo propone al Pingüino de Magallanes (Spheniscus magellanicus) como
bioindicador de salud ambiental en el Océano Atlántico Sur por medio del monitoreo a
la exposición de metales pesados. Fueron estudiados dos grupos de S.magellanicus
juveniles, arribados en dos lugares de la costa brasileña; 35 especimenes provenientes
de la Região dos Lagos en Río de Janeiro (gurpo 1) y 12 pingüinos en el litoral norte de
Río Grande do Sul (grupo 2). Los metales Hg, Cd y Pb fueron analizados en hígado y
músculos pectorales en ambos grupos por medio de métodos de espectrometría atómica.
Adicionalmente fueron colectados contenido gastrointestinal de los ejemplares del
grupo1. Picos de cefalópodos y principalmente de la especie Argonauta nodosa fue el
item más frecuentemente encontrados en el contenido de la mayoría de individuos
analizados. Los cefalópodos son organismos conocidos por su capacidad de
bioacumular Cd y Hg , siendo una fuente de entrada de estos metales a la cadena trófica.
La media de la concentración de Pb en ambos grupos fue <0.1µg/g, valor que está
dentro del rango encontrado en aves marinas que se encuentran en ambientes no
contaminados por este metal. Las concentraciones de Cd en hígado y Hg en hígado y
músculo fueron mayores en el grupo 1 (Cd: 6.8 µg/g; Hg en hígado: 1.6µg/g y músculo:
0.4 µg/g), que en el grupo 2 (Cd: 2.3 µg/g; Hg en hígado: 0.9µg/g y músculo: 0.2 µg/g).
Las concentraciones de estos metales pueden provenir de fuentes naturales, pero la
posibilidad de contaminación por fuente antropogénica debe también ser considerada.
La costa del sureste brasileño esta fuertemente urbanizada y es también en esta región
donde se encuentran localizadas varias áreas industrializadas, que contaminan las aguas
marinas arrojando desechos al océano. Es importante la realización de nuevos estudios
en S. magellanicus, ya que es una especie de ave marina cuya historia natural ha sido
bien estudiada, posee una amplia distribución, es un predador ubicado en la cúspide de
la cadena trófica y además han sido reportado arribos periódicos de juveniles en el
sureste de la costa brasileña. | |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | pt_BR |
| Subject | Spheniscidae | |
| Subject | Environmental Biomarkers | |
| Subject | Natural History | |
| Subject | Metals, Heavy | |
| Subject | Environmental Health | |
| Subject | Atlantic Ocean | |
| Subject | Comparative Study | |
| DeCS | Spheniscidae | pt_BR |
| DeCS | Biomarcadores Ambientais | pt_BR |
| DeCS | História Natural | pt_BR |
| DeCS | Metais Pesados | pt_BR |
| DeCS | Saúde Ambiental | pt_BR |
| DeCS | Oceano Atlântico | pt_BR |
| DeCS | Estudo Comparativo | pt_BR |
| xmlui.metadata.dc.subject.ods | 14 Vida na água | |
