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HEPATITIS B AND C IN IMMIGRANTS AND REFUGEES IN CENTRAL BRAZIL: PREVALENCE, ASSOCIATED FACTORS, AND IMMUNIZATION
Author
Martins, Thaynara Lorrane Silva
Silva, Grazielle Rosa da Costa e
Silva, Carla de Almeida
Gomes, Davi Oliveira
Silva, Bruno Vinícius Diniz e
Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos
Pacheco, Leonora Rezende
Araujo, Natalia Motta de
Zanchetta, Margareth Santos
Teles, Sheila Araujo
Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim
Silva, Grazielle Rosa da Costa e
Silva, Carla de Almeida
Gomes, Davi Oliveira
Silva, Bruno Vinícius Diniz e
Carneiro, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos
Pacheco, Leonora Rezende
Araujo, Natalia Motta de
Zanchetta, Margareth Santos
Teles, Sheila Araujo
Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim
Affilliation
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil
Universidade Federal de Goiás. Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública. Goiânia, GO, Brasil
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
School of Nursing, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Universidade de Goiás. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Goiânia, GO, Brasil.
Abstract
Eliminating hepatitis B and C in immigrant and refugee populations is a
significant challenge worldwide. Given the lack of information in Brazil, this study aimed to estimate
the prevalence of infections caused by hepatitis B and C viruses and factors associated with hepatitis
B in immigrants and refugees residing in central Brazil. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional,
and analytical study was conducted from July 2019 to January 2020 with 365 immigrants and refugees.
Hepatitis B was detected by a rapid immunochromatographic test, enzyme immunoassay, and
chemiluminescence, and hepatitis C by rapid immunochromatographic test. Multiple analysis was
used to assess factors associated with hepatitis B infection. Results: Of the participants, 57.8% were
from Haiti and 35.6% were from Venezuela. Most had been in Brazil for less than 2 years (71.2%).
The prevalence of HBV infection and exposure was 6.6% (95% CI: 4.5–9.6%) and 27.9% (95% CI:
23.6–2.8%), respectively, and 34% had isolated anti-HBs positivity. Reporting a sexually transmitted
infection was statistically associated with HBV infection (OR: 7.8; 95% CI: 2.3–26.4). No participant
with positive anti-HCV serology was found. Conclusions: The study showed that participants were
outside the reach of prevention and control actions for hepatitis B. Therefore, public health strategies
must be designed to reach, inform, and vaccinate this group.
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