| Author | Chalhoub, Flávia Löwen Levy | |
| Author | Horta, Marco Aurélio Pereira | |
| Author | Alcantara, Luiz Carlos Junior | |
| Author | Morales, Alejandra | |
| Author | Santos, Lilha Maria Barbosa dos | |
| Author | Campos, Vinícius Guerra | |
| Author | Rodrigues, Cintia D.S. | |
| Author | Santos, Carolina C. | |
| Author | Mares-Guia, Maria Angélica M. | |
| Author | Pauvolid-Corrêa, Alex | |
| Author | Filippis, Ana Maria Bispo de | |
| Access date | 2023-01-17T11:19:22Z | |
| Available date | 2023-01-17T11:19:22Z | |
| Document date | 2022 | |
| Citation | CHALHOUB, Flávia Löwen Levy et al. Serological Evidence of Exposure to Saint Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses in Horses of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Viruses. v. 14, 2459, p. 1 - 19, Nov. 2022. | en_US |
| ISSN | 1999-4915 | en_US |
| URI | https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/56481 | |
| Language | eng | en_US |
| Publisher | MDPI | en_US |
| Rights | open access | |
| Subject in Portuguese | Vírus do Nilo Ocidental | en_US |
| Subject in Portuguese | Vírus da encefalite de Saint Louis | en_US |
| Subject in Portuguese | Cavalos | en_US |
| Subject in Portuguese | Teste de neutralização de redução de placa | en_US |
| Subject in Portuguese | RT-qPCR | en_US |
| Subject in Portuguese | Rio de Janeiro | en_US |
| Subject in Portuguese | Brasil | en_US |
| Title | Serological Evidence of Exposure to Saint Louis Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses in Horses of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | en_US |
| Type | Article | |
| DOI | 10.3390/v14112459 | |
| Abstract | Infections with arboviruses are reported worldwide. Saint Louis encephalitis (SLEV) and
West Nile (WNV) viruses are closely related flaviviruses affecting humans and animals. SLEV has
been sporadically detected in humans, and corresponding antibodies have been frequently detected
in horses throughout Brazil. WNV was first reported in western Brazil over a decade ago, has been
associated with neurological disorders in humans and equines and its prevalence is increasing nationwide.
Herein, we investigated by molecular and serological methods the presence of SLEV and
WNV in equines from Rio de Janeiro. A total of 435 serum samples were collected from healthy
horses and tested for specific neutralizing antibodies by plaque reduction neutralization test
(PRNT90). Additionally, samples (serum, cerebrospinal fluid, central nervous system tissue) from
72 horses, including horses with neurological disorders resulting in a fatal outcome or horses which
had contact with them, were tested by real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction
(RT-qPCR) for both viruses. Adopting the criterion of four-fold antibody titer difference, 165 horses
(38%) presented neutralizing antibodies for flaviviruses, 89 (20.4%) for SLEV and five (1.1%) for
WNV. No evidence of SLEV and WNV infection was detected by RT-qPCR and, thus, such infection
could not be confirmed in the additional samples. Our findings indicate horses of Rio de Janeiro
were exposed to SLEV and WNV, contributing to the current knowledge on the distribution of these
viruses in Brazil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Biosafety Level 3 Facility (BSL-3). Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas. Pergamino 2700, Argentina. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). Departamento de Veterinária. Setor de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e de Saúde Pública. Laboratório de Virologia Animal. Viçosa, MG, Brasil. | en_US |
| Affilliation | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Flavivírus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. | en_US |
| Subject | West Nile virus | en_US |
| Subject | Saint Louis encephalitis virus | en_US |
| Subject | Horses | en_US |
| Subject | Plaque reduction neutralization test | en_US |
| Subject | RT-qPCR | en_US |
| Subject | Rio de Janeiro | en_US |
| Subject | Brazil | en_US |
