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INTERACTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE WITH THE HACAT HUMAN KERATINOCYTE CELL LINE: NEW FRONTIERS IN THE CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY OF LEPROSY
Dendritic cells
HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line
Macrophages
Mycobacterium leprae
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Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by
Mycobacterium leprae affecting the skin and peripheral nerves.
Despite M. leprae invasion of the skin and keratinocytes
importance in innate immunity, the interaction of these cells
in vitro during M. leprae infection is poorly understood.
Conventional and fluorescence optical microscopy, transmission
electronic microscopy, flow cytometry and ELISA were used to
study the in vitro interaction of M. leprae with the HaCaT human
keratinocyte cell line. Keratinocytes uptake of M. leprae is
described, and modulation of the surface expression of CD80 and
CD209, cathelicidin expression and TNF-a and IL-1b production
of human keratinocytes are compared with dendritic cells and
macrophages during M. leprae interaction. This study
demonstrated that M. leprae interaction with human keratinocytes
enhanced expression of cathelicidin and greatly increased TNF-a
production. The highest spontaneous expression of cathelicidin
was by dendritic cells which are less susceptible to M. leprae
infection. In contrast, keratinocytes displayed low spontaneous
cathelicidin expression and were more susceptible to M. leprae
infection than dendritic cells. The results show, for the first time,
an active role for keratinocytes during infection by irradiated
whole cells of M. leprae and the effect of vitamin D on this
process. They also suggest that therapies which target cathelicidin
modulation may provide novel approaches for treatment of leprosy.
Keywords
CathelicidinDendritic cells
HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line
Macrophages
Mycobacterium leprae
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