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AN OUTBREAK OF ACUTE CHAGAS’S DISEASE IN THE SAO FRANCISCO VALLEY REGION OF BAHIA, BRAZIL : TRIATOMINE VECTORS AND ANIMAL RESERVOIRS OF TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI
Triatoma
Triatomíneos
Trypanosoma cruzi
Panstrongylus
Animais
Ratos
Transmissão
Author
Affilliation
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Dept. of Entomology. Keppel Street, London WC
Harvard School of Public Health. Dept. of Tropical Public Health. Boston, MA, USA
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Núcleo de Pesquisas da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Harvard School of Public Health. Dept. of Tropical Public Health. Boston, MA, USA
Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Núcleo de Pesquisas da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Abstract
Following reports of an unusually high incidence
of acute Chagas’s disease and the appearance of
large numbers of Triatoma infesrans in the southwestern
region of the State of Bahia, triatomine
bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and domestic animals
in one of the affected communities were surveyed
and examined for infection with Trypanosoma cruzi.
Triatoma infestans was prevalent in houses and was
also found in peridomestic habitats. T. sordidu and
T. pseudomaculata occupied peridomestic and
svlvatic habitats and T. brasiliensis was found onlv ,
among rocks far from houses. Panstrongylus megistus,
formerly present in the region, was not found.
Trypanosoma cruzi was detected in 19.5 ‘Iii of
Triatoma infestans, 11.5”,, of T. sordida, 19”,, of
dogs, 29:,, o f cats and 100” u of rats examined. A
dlsproportionate number of early instar bugs were
infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, suggesting that a
rapid increase in the rate of transmission had
recently occurred.
The history of the domestic triatomine fauna of
the region since 1912 is reviewed, and it is proposed
that the relatively recent arrival of Triatoma
infestans initiated a domestic cycle linked to peridomestic
and sylvatic cycles of’ TryDanosoma cruzi
transmission. Increased human mobility, the use of
DDT for malaria control. and drought conditions
are considered as factors which miiht have contributed
to the outbreak of human infection.
Keywords in Portuguese
Doença de ChagasTriatoma
Triatomíneos
Trypanosoma cruzi
Panstrongylus
Animais
Ratos
Transmissão
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