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THE RELATIVE CONTRIBUTION OF IMMIGRATION OR LOCAL INCREASE FOR PERSISTENCE OF URBAN SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN SALVADOR, BAHIA, BRAZIL
Esquistossomose/epidemiologia
Adulto
Animais
Brasil/epidemiologia
Estudos Transversais
Fezes/parasitologia
Feminino
Humanos
Masculino
Meia-Idade
Prevalência
Schistosoma mansoni/genética
Esquistossomose/etiologia
População Urbana
Author
Affilliation
Centre for Global Health and Diseases. Case Western Reserve University. Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Centre for Global Health and Diseases. Case Western Reserve University. Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Centre for Global Health and Diseases. Case Western Reserve University. Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / UNIFACS. Universidade Salvador. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Center for Control of Zoonoses. Municipal Secretariat of Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Centre for Global Health and Diseases. Case Western Reserve University. Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Centre for Global Health and Diseases. Case Western Reserve University. Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / UNIFACS. Universidade Salvador. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Center for Control of Zoonoses. Municipal Secretariat of Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Abstract
Urbanization is increasing across the globe, and diseases once considered rural can now
be found in urban areas due to the migration of populations from rural endemic areas, local
transmission within the city, or a combination of factors. We investigated the epidemiologic
characteristics of urban immigrants and natives living in a neighborhood of Salvador, Brazil
where there is a focus of transmission of Schistosoma mansoni. In a cross-sectional study,
all inhabitants from 3 sections of the community were interviewed and examined. In order
to determine the degree of parasite differentiation between immigrants and the native born,
S. mansoni eggs from stools were genotyped for 15 microsatellite markers. The area received
migrants from all over the state, but most infected children had never been outside of
the city, and infected snails were present at water contact sites. Other epidemiologic features
suggested immigration contributed little to the presence of infection. The intensity and
prevalence of infection were the same for immigrants and natives when adjusted for age,
and length of immigrant residence in the community was positively associated with prevalence
of infection. The population structure of the parasites also supported that the contribution
from immigration was small, since the host-to-host differentiation was no greater in the
urban parasite population than a rural population with little distant immigration, and there
had been little differentiation in the urban population over the past 7 years. Public health efforts
should focus on eliminating local transmission, and once eliminated, reintroduction
from distant migration is unlikely.
DeCS
Migração InternacionalEsquistossomose/epidemiologia
Adulto
Animais
Brasil/epidemiologia
Estudos Transversais
Fezes/parasitologia
Feminino
Humanos
Masculino
Meia-Idade
Prevalência
Schistosoma mansoni/genética
Esquistossomose/etiologia
População Urbana
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