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KINETIC STUDY OF YELLOW FEVER 17DD VIRAL INFECTION IN GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS EMBRYOS
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Abstract
Yellow fever continues to be an important epidemiological problem in Africa and South
America even though the disease can be controlled by vaccination. The vaccine has been
produced since 1937 and is based on YFV 17DD chicken embryo infection. However, little
is known about the histopathological background of virus infection and replication in this
model. Here we show by morphological and molecular methods (brightfield and confocal
microscopies, immunofluorescence, nested-PCR and sequencing) the kinetics of YFV
17DD infection in chicken embryos with 9 days of development, encompassing 24 to 96
hours post infection. Our principal findings indicate that the main cells involved in virus production
are myoblasts with a mesenchymal shape, which also are the first cells to express
virus proteins in Gallus gallus embryos at 48 hours after infection. At 72 hours post infection,
we observed an increase of infected cells in embryos. Many sites are thus affected in the
infection sequence, especially the skeletal muscle. We were also able to confirm an
increase of nervous system infection at 96 hours post infection. Our data contribute to the
comprehension of the pathogenesis of YF 17DD virus infection in Gallus gallus embryos.
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