This study aimed to evaluate the effects of air pollution on deaths from cardiovascular diseases of the Volta Redonda citizens, Brazil, from January 2002 to December 2006. This period was chosen to assess the impact of a national policy Environmental Health Surveillance related to Air Quality. The epidemiological study design was an ecological time series frame work using daily counts of deaths for cardiovascular diseases for the total population and the elderly. Daily levels of PM10, SO2 and O3, minimum temperature and relative humidity were regarded in the analysis. Generalized Additive Models under the Poisson assumption was the model framework. The results showed an increase risk of death for an increase of 10µg/m3 of PM10 at lag 2 of 3.67% (95%CI: 0.20 – 7.26%) in the total population and 5.23% (95%CI: 0.85 – 9.81%) for the elderly, respectively. As for exposures to SO2 and O3, the risk was not significant for the total population or for the elderly.