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INVESTIGATION OF HOST CANDIDATE MALARIA-ASSOCIATED RISK/PROTECTIVE SNPS IN A BRAZILIAN AMAZONIAN POPULATION
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Faculties of Epidemiology and Population Health and Infectious and Tropical Diseases. London, United Kingdom.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.
University of Oxford. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics. Oxford, United Kingdom.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom / University of Oxford. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics. Oxford, United Kingdom.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Faculties of Epidemiology and Population Health and Infectious and Tropical Diseases. London, United Kingdom.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.
University of Oxford. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics. Oxford, United Kingdom.
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom / University of Oxford. Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics. Oxford, United Kingdom.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.
Abstract
The Brazilian Amazon is a hypo-endemic malaria region with nearly 300,000 cases each year. A variety of genetic polymorphisms, particularly in erythrocyte receptors and immune response related genes, have been described to be associated with susceptibility and resistance to malaria. In order to identify polymorphisms that might be associated with malaria clinical outcomes in a Brazilian Amazonian population, sixty-four human single nucleotide polymorphisms in 37 genes were analyzed using a Sequenom massARRAY iPLEX platform. A total of 648 individuals from two malaria endemic areas were studied, including 535 malaria cases (113 individuals with clinical mild malaria, 122 individuals with asymptomatic infection and 300 individuals with history of previous mild malaria) and 113 health controls with no history of malaria. The data revealed significant associations (p<0.003) between one SNP in the IL10 gene (rs1800896) and one SNP in the TLR4 gene (rs4986790) with reduced risk for clinical malaria, one SNP in the IRF1 gene (rs2706384) with increased risk for clinical malaria, one SNP in the LTA gene (rs909253) with protection from clinical malaria and one SNP in the TNF gene (RS1800750) associated with susceptibility to clinical malaria. Also, a new association was found between a SNP in the CTL4 gene (rs2242665), located at the major histocompatibility complex III region, and reduced risk for clinical malaria. This study represents the first association study from an Amazonian population involving a large number of host genetic polymorphisms with susceptibility or resistance to Plasmodium infection and malaria outcomes. Further studies should include a larger number of individuals, refined parameters and a fine-scale map obtained through DNA sequencing to increase the knowledge of the Amazonian population genetic diversity.
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