This study analyzed blackfly awareness and perceptions of health education practices for blackfly control among vulnerable populations in Brazil. Methods: An exploratory descriptive quantitative research analysis was performed to investigate and analyze the awareness of and potential participation in blackfly control measures by vulnerable populations. Results: Countryside resident participants (n = 24/38; 63.2% of the total sample) reported that blackflies were an obstacle to the performance of their work activities. Conclusions: Blackflies are a public health problem, and actions for blackfly control have been carried out without social participation or educational health practices that involve proper community knowledge.