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A CROSS-SECTIONAL SERODIAGNOSTIC SURVEY OF CANINE LEISHMANIASIS DUE TO LEISHMANIA CHAGASI
Leishmaniose visceral
Ensaio imunoenzimático
Soroprevalência
Brasil
Author
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Osvaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
University of Innsbruck. Institute for General and Experimental Pathology. Medical School. Innsbruck, Austria
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Osvaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
University of Innsbruck. Institute for General and Experimental Pathology. Medical School. Innsbruck, Austria
Abstract
Jequie, a community of about 144,500 inhabitants located in the State of Bahia, Brazil, is endemic for
both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases. In the present epidemiologic study, the urban and inhabited periurban
areas of the town were divided into 140 clusters of0.25 km2 each. The seroprevalence of canine Leishmania antibodies
was investigated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a screening test since its sensitivity was significantly
higher than that of an indirect immunofluorescence assay. A total of 1,681 dogs was surveyed in 34 randomly sampled
clusters. The overall prevalence of Leishmania antibodies in the dog population was 23.5%, with intracluster prevalences
ranging from 0% to 67%. There was no correlation of these seroprevalences with the intracluster densities of
canine populations, or with the distances from individual clusters to the town center. Moreover, the Leishmania
transmission did not seem to follow any clear-cut spatial pattern, since large disparities in the seroprevalences of
contiguous clusters were Curiously, human cases of visceral leishmaniasis have never been observed in some
clusters with a relatively high prevalence of canine seroprevalences. Eight parasite isolates from seropositive dogs
were found to belong to the same serodeme and zymodeme as Leishmania (L.) chagasi. The implications of these
findings with respect to the epidemiology and control of American visceral leishmaniasis are discussed
Keywords in Portuguese
Leishmania ChagasiLeishmaniose visceral
Ensaio imunoenzimático
Soroprevalência
Brasil
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