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2030-01-01
Sustainable Development Goals
03 Saúde e Bem-EstarCollections
- IOC - Artigos de Periódicos [12980]
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VACCINE-INDUCED CD8+ T CELLS CONTROL AIDS VIRUS REPLICATION
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Abstract
Developing a vaccine for HIV may be aided by a complete understanding of those rare cases
where some HIV-infected individuals control replication of the virus1–3. The majority of these
elite controllers (ECs) express HLA-B*57 or HLA-B*273. These alleles remain by far the most robust associations with low concentrations of plasma virus4,5, yet the mechanism of control in
these individuals is not entirely clear. Here we vaccinated Indian rhesus macaques that express
Mamu-B*08, an animal model for HLA-B*27-mediated elite control6, with three Mamu-B*08-
restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes and demonstrate that these vaccinated animals controlled
replication of the highly pathogenic SIVmac239 clonal virus. High frequencies of CD8+ T cells
against these Vif and Nef epitopes in the blood, lymph nodes and colon, were associated with viral
control. Moreover, the frequency of the Nef RL10-specific response correlated significantly with
reduced acute phase viremia. Finally, two of the eight vaccinees lost control of viral replication in
the chronic phase, concomitant with escape in all three targeted epitopes, further implicating these
three CD8+ T cell responses in control of viral replication. Our findings indicate that narrowly
targeted vaccine-induced virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses can control replication of the AIDS
virus.
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