The genus Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) comprises more than 60 species of subterranean rodents. Despite the wide distribution of the genus in southern America, the type locality of the type species—Ctenomys brasiliensis Blainville—was long thought to be the State of Minas Gerais in southeastern Brazil, well outside the presently known distributional area of the genus. Since it has never been collected again in that State, the type locality of this species is still a matter for investigation. In order to elucidate this question, we investigated the skull of the type specimens of C. brasiliensis. From geometric morphometrics comparisons with other species of the genus, and taking into account the label information, it was possible to rediscover the type locality of this species. There is no doubt that the specimen was collected in Minas, in the department of Lavalleja, Uruguay. Nowadays in this area on the southern coast of Uruguay, only populations of Ctenomys pearsoni Lessa and Langguth were recognized. We suggest that more studies must be done to better understand the taxonomic relation between C. pearsoni complex and the C. brasiliensis, the type species for the genus that was collected in Uruguay and never occurred in southeastern Brazil.