Purpose Job stress has proven to be a relevant cause of stress for adults, but its efect on the development of metabolic alterations in individuals with obesity is still poorly explored. We aimed to investigate the association between job stress and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) phenotype in participants with obesity at the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) baseline assessment. Methods This study analyzed data collected at the baseline examination between 2008 and 2010. A total of 2371 individuals with obesity were included. Two metabolic phenotypes were characterized based on the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey criteria. The job stress scale was based on the Brazilian version of the Swedish Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire. The association between job stress domains and MUO phenotype was assessed by binary logistic models. Results In our sample, 1297 (54.7%) participants were women, mean age was 49.6±7.1 years and 1696 (71.5%) had MUO. Low skill discretion was associated with MUO after adjustment for age, sex and race. However, in fully-adjusted models, the MUO phenotype was not associated with high job demand (odds ratio [OR]=1.05; 95% confdence interval [95%CI] 0.82–1.35), low skill discretion (OR=1.26; 95%CI 0.95–1.68), low decision authority (OR=0.94; 95%CI 0.70–1.25) nor low social support (OR=0.93; 95%CI 0.71–1.20). Conclusion We found a signifcant association between low skill discretion and an adverse metabolic profle in models adjusted for age, sex and race. No associations were signifcant between job stress domains and the metabolic profle of individuals with obesity in full models.