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NEUROINFLAMMATION IN SEPSIS: MOLECULAR PATHWAYS OF MICROGLIA ACTIVATION
Moraes, Carolina Araújo et al. | Date Issued: 2021
Author
Moraes, Carolina Araújo
Zaverucha-do-Valle, Camila
Fleurance, Renaud
Sharshar, Tarek
Bozza, Fernando A.
d'Avila, Joana
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
UCB Biopharma SRL. Braine L'Alleud, Belgium / Institut Pasteur. Experimental Neuropathology, Infection, and Epidemiology Department. Paris, France / Université de Paris Sciences et Lettres. Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur. Experimental Neuropathology, Infection, and Epidemiology Department. Paris, France / Paris-Descartes University. Sainte-Anne Hospital. Neuro-Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine. Paris, France.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / D'Or Institute for Research and Education Department of Critical Care and Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Iguaçu. Faculdade de Medicina. Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Frequently underestimated, encephalopathy or delirium are common neurological manifestations associated with sepsis. Brain dysfunction occurs in up to 80% of cases and is directly associated with increased mortality and long-term neurocognitive consequences. Although the central nervous system (CNS) has been classically viewed as an immune-privileged system, neuroinflammation is emerging as a central mechanism of brain dysfunction in sepsis. Microglial cells are major players in this setting. Here, we aimed to discuss the current knowledge on how the brain is affected by peripheral immune activation in sepsis and the role of microglia in these processes. This review focused on the molecular pathways of microglial activity in sepsis, its regulatory mechanisms, and their interaction with other CNS cells, especially with neuronal cells and circuits.
Keywords
Brain
Inflammasome
Microglia
Neuroinflammation
Neurotoxicity
Oxidative stress
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy
Synaptic dysfunction
 
Publisher
MDPI
Citation
MORAES, Carolina Araújo et al. Neuroinflammation in Sepsis: Molecular Pathways of Microglia Activation. Pharmaceuticals, v. 14, n. 5, p. 1-22, 2021
DOI
10.3390/ph14050416
ISSN
1424-8247