Despite Chagas disease and its causative agent Trypanosoma cruzi being discovered over a century ago, this complex parasitic neglected disease still poses a threat to public health. T cruzi can be transmitted through various routes, including by a vector, consumption of infected food and beverages, organ transplantation, blood transfusion, and congenitally. Congenital transmission of Chagas disease had been hypothesised since the disease was discovered, although it was estimated that this route of transmission would be marginal compared with the classic vector route. The epidemiological profile of Chagas disease has changed because of migration patterns, climate change, deforestation, and uncontrolled urbanisation, making congenital Chagas disease a tangible threat beyond endemic countries.