Infectious disease‑associated  encephalopathies

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience. Genoa, Italy.
Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neuroscience. Genoa, Italy / Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa. Genoa, Italy.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho. Laboratorio de Investigação Pulmonar. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Medicina Regenerativa. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rede de Neuroinformação Carlos Chagas Filho. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho. Laboratorio de Investigação Pulmonar. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Medicina Regenerativa. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rede de Neuroinformação Carlos Chagas Filho. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rede de Neuroinformação Carlos Chagas Filho. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Abstract

Infectious diseases may afect brain function and cause encephalopathy even when the pathogen does not directly infect the central nervous system, known as infectious disease-associated encephalopathy. The systemic infamma‑ tory process may result in neuroinfammation, with glial cell activation and increased levels of cytokines, reduced neurotrophic factors, blood–brain barrier dysfunction, neurotransmitter metabolism imbalances, and neurotoxicity, and behavioral and cognitive impairments often occur in the late course. Even though infectious disease-associated encephalopathies may cause devastating neurologic and cognitive defcits, the concept of infectious disease-associ‑ ated encephalopathies is still under-investigated; knowledge of the underlying mechanisms, which may be distinct from those of encephalopathies of non-infectious cause, is still limited. In this review, we focus on the pathophysiol‑ ogy of encephalopathies associated with peripheral (sepsis, malaria, infuenza, and COVID-19), emerging therapeutic strategies, and the role of neuroinfammation.

Keywords in Portuguese

Sepse
Malária
Influenza
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Infecção
Neuroinflamação
Priming Microglial
Conhecimento
Encefalopatia

Keywords

Sepsis
Malaria
Influenza
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Infection
Neuroinfammation,
Microglial priming
Cognition
Encephalopathy

Publisher

BMC

Citation

SILVA, Maria C. Barbosa et al. Infectious disease‑associated encephalopathies. Critical Care, v. 25, n 236, 14 p, 2021.

DOI

10.1186/s113054-021-03659-6

ISSN

1466-609X

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/48717

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Open access

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