A new species of black fly from rock fields of southeaster Brazil, Simulium maiaherzogae sp. nov., is described based on morphological features of larval, pupal and adult specimens. Morphological features of this new species were compared with members of Simulium (Trichodagmia) Enderlein 1934, showing a high similarity with S. scutistriatum Lutz 1909 and S. itajara Nascimento, et al. 2020. However, features of the male and female scutum and genitalia, pupal tubercles disposition, pupal gills, larval cephalic appendages, larval gill histoblast, numbers of posterior proleg hooks and rectal papillae lobules, allow to differentiate S. maiaherzogae sp. nov. Moreover, a more detailed analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed significant differences and numerical variations in meristic data between the new species and S. scutistriatum. The known distribution of this new species is restricted to the Rio do Salto sub-basin, headland of the Middle Paraíba do Sul River, near the Ibitipoca State Park, a region recognised for its biodiversity richness, but with rare simuliids records.