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IMPROVING THE HIV RESPONSE FOR TRANSGENDER POPULATIONS: EVIDENCE TO INFORM ACTION
HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis
HIV prevention
HIV testing
HIV treatment
Differentiated service delivery
Affilliation
University of North Carolina School of Medicine. Department of Social Medicine. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Institute of HIV Research and Innovation. Bangkok, Thailand.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST/AIDS. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
The Fenway Institute. Fenway Health. Boston, Massachusetts, USA / Brigham and Women's Hospital. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension. Boston, Massachusetts, USA / Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology. Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Institute of HIV Research and Innovation. Bangkok, Thailand.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST/AIDS. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
The Fenway Institute. Fenway Health. Boston, Massachusetts, USA / Brigham and Women's Hospital. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension. Boston, Massachusetts, USA / Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Department of Epidemiology. Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Abstract
Our knowledge about HIV among transgender populations
has substantially improved since the Journal of the International AIDS Society (JIAS) published its first special issue about
HIV in transgender populations in 2016. A PubMed search
indicates that more than 1000 peer-reviewed manuscripts
focused on HIV among transgender people have been published in the past 5 years. While this increased volume of
research is heartening, the findings indicate transgender people remain disproportionately burdened by HIV globally. A
recent meta-analysis of studies published between 2000 and
2019 found an overall HIV prevalence of 19.9% for trans
feminine individuals and 2.6% for trans masculine individuals
with odds ratios of 66 and 7, respectively, compared to all
individuals ages 15 years and older. While data on the
HIV prevention and care continuum among transgender people are limited, existing studies indicate lower engagement in
HIV testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake, persistence and adherence, as well as antiretroviral therapy (ART)
uptake and adherence. These appalling inequities in HIV
prevalence, prevention and care are driven by socio-structural
factors rooted in stigma and discrimination.
Keywords
HIV continuumHIV pre-exposure prophylaxis
HIV prevention
HIV testing
HIV treatment
Differentiated service delivery
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