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Sustainable Development Goals
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MONKEYPOX AND OCULAR IMPLICATIONS IN HUMANS
Author
Affilliation
National University of Singapore. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore.
University of Nebraska Medical Center. Eye Institute. Omaha, NE, USA / University of Nebraska Medical Center. Global Center for Health Security. Omaha, NE, USA / University of Nebraska Medical Center. College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA.
Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Division of Ophthalmology. Cape Town, South Africa.
National Centre for Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore / Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Tan Tock Seng Hospital. Department of Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore.
National Centre for Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore / Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Tan Tock Seng Hospital. Department of Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Infectious Ophthalmology Laboratory. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
National University of Singapore. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Tan Tock Seng Hospital. National Healthcare Group Eye Institute. Singapore, Singapore / Singapore Eye Research Institute. Singapore, Singapore / Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
University of Nebraska Medical Center. Eye Institute. Omaha, NE, USA / University of Nebraska Medical Center. Global Center for Health Security. Omaha, NE, USA / University of Nebraska Medical Center. College of Public Health, Omaha, NE, USA.
Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Division of Ophthalmology. Cape Town, South Africa.
National Centre for Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore / Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Tan Tock Seng Hospital. Department of Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore.
National Centre for Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore / Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Tan Tock Seng Hospital. Department of Infectious Disease. Singapore, Singapore.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Infectious Ophthalmology Laboratory. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
National University of Singapore. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. Singapore, Singapore / Tan Tock Seng Hospital. National Healthcare Group Eye Institute. Singapore, Singapore / Singapore Eye Research Institute. Singapore, Singapore / Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Abstract
Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic infection with some characteristics bearing resemblance to smallpox. Monkeypox was first isolated in Denmark in the late 1950s from a colony of laboratory monkeys used for polio virus research, and first identified as a cause of disease in humans in the 1970s in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The current outbreak could be related to the loss of vaccine-derived immunity following the discontinuation of routine smallpox vaccination, which offered previous cross-protection against monkeypox and reduced human-to-human transmission. In 2022, there was a new global outbreak of monkeypox infection, first reported in Europe in May 2022 . It has since spread to more than 50 countries across five regions, with more than 3000 cases of monkeypox infections being reported. On July 23, 2022, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of monkeypox as an international public health emergency.
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