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https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/57495
AN OVERVIEW OF IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACHES AGAINST CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS: WHAT HAS BEEN TESTED ON DOGS AND A NEW PERSPECTIVE ON IMPROVING TREATMENT EFFICACY
Author
Gonçalves, Ana Alice Maia
Leite, Jaqueline Costa
Resende, Lucilene Aparecida
Mariano, Reysla Maria da Silveira
Silveira, Patricia
Melo-Júnior, Otoni Alves de Oliveira
Ribeiro, Helen Silva
Oliveira, Diana Souza de
Soares, Diogo Fonseca
Santos, Thaiza Aline Pereira
Marques, Alexandre Ferreira
Galdino, Alexsandro Sobreira
Martins Filho, Olindo Assis
Dutra, Walderez Ornelas
Silveira-Lemos, Denise da
Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro
Leite, Jaqueline Costa
Resende, Lucilene Aparecida
Mariano, Reysla Maria da Silveira
Silveira, Patricia
Melo-Júnior, Otoni Alves de Oliveira
Ribeiro, Helen Silva
Oliveira, Diana Souza de
Soares, Diogo Fonseca
Santos, Thaiza Aline Pereira
Marques, Alexandre Ferreira
Galdino, Alexsandro Sobreira
Martins Filho, Olindo Assis
Dutra, Walderez Ornelas
Silveira-Lemos, Denise da
Giunchetti, Rodolfo Cordeiro
Affilliation
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Immuno-Proteome and Parasite Biology. Department of Parasitology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biotechnology of Microorganisms. Federal University of São João Del-Rei. Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Diagnostic and Monitoring Biomarkers. René Rachou Institute. Oswaldo , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Immuno-Proteome and Parasite Biology. Department of Parasitology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biotechnology of Microorganisms. Federal University of São João Del-Rei. Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Diagnostic and Monitoring Biomarkers. René Rachou Institute. Oswaldo , Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions. Department of Morphology. Institute of Biological Sciences. Federal University of Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by digenetic protozoa of the genus Leishmania, is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmania infantum is one of the species responsible for VL and the disease caused is considered a zoonosis whose main reservoir is the dog. Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) can lead to the death of the animal if left untreated. Furthermore, the available pharmocologial treatment for CVL presents numerous disadvantages, such as relapses, toxicity, drug resistance, and the fact treated animals continue to be reservoirs when treatment fails to achieve parasitological cure. Moreover, the available VL control methods have not been adequate when it comes to controlling parasite transmission. Advances in immune response knowledge in recent years have led to a better understanding of VL pathogenesis, allowing new treatments to be developed based on immune system activation, often referred to as immunotherapy. In fact, well-defined protocols have been described, ranging from the use of immunomodulators to the use of vaccines. This treatment, which can also be associated with chemotherapy, has been shown to be effective in restoring or inducing an adequate immune response to reduce parasitic burden, leading to clinical improvement. This review focuses on immunotherapy directed at dogs infected by L. infantum, including a literature review of what has already been done in dogs. We also introduce a promising strategy to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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