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https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/57655
EVALUATION OF IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, AND IFN-γ CYTOKINES IN HIV/HHV-8 COINFECTION
Author
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Imunologia, Recife, PE, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Recife, PE, Brasil.
Virology Sector, Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Virology Sector, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Abstract
Imbalance in the immune response is one of the main pathogenic mechanisms of diseases related with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/human gammaherpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) coinfection, such as Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). However, significant changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels may be observed in HIV/HHV-8 individuals who are negative for KS, PEL, MCD, and/or KICS. In this study, serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor nucrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were assessed in 69 HIV and 48 HIV/HHV-8 individuals, all negatives for HHV-8-related diseases. The cytokines were measured by flow cytometry and analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. The p < .05 and 95% confidence interval were considered in all analyzes. IL-4 (p = .0155), IL-6 (p = .0036), and IL-10 (p = .0036) levels were significantly higher in HIV/HHV-8 patients than in the HIV group. On the other hand, IL-2 (p = .2295), TNF-α (p = .1216) and IFN-γ (p = .1178) did not differ between the groups analyzed. To our knowledge, to date, this is the first report on significant differences in the levels of IL-4 and IL-6 in HIV versus HIV/HHV-8 individuals. Finally, these early findings are important as a prognostic tool and contribute to clarifying the HHV-8-host interaction.
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