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EVIDENCE OF ZIKA VIRUS REINFECTION BY GENOME DIVERSITY AND ANTIBODY RESPONSE ANALYSIS, BRAZIL
Castilho, Marcia da Costa et al. | Date Issued: 2024
Author
Castilho, Marcia da Costa
Filippis, Ana Maria Bispo de
Machado, Lais Ceschini
Calvanti, Thaise Yasmine Vasconcelos de Lima
Lima, Morganna Costa
Fonseca, Vagner
Giovanetti, Marta
Docena, Cassia
Menezes Neto, Armando
Bôtto-Menezes, Camila Helena Aguiar
Kara, Edna Oliveira
Barrera, Rafael de La
Modjarrad, Kayvon
Giozza, Silvana Pereira
Pereira, Gerson Fernando
Junior Alcantara, Luiz Carlos
Broutet, Nathalie Jeanne Nicole
Calvet, Guilherme Amaral
Wallau, Gabriel Luz
Franca, Rafael Freitas Oliveira
Affilliation
Tropical Medicine Foundation Doctor Heitor Vieira Dourado. Manaus, AM, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Oswaldo Cruz Institute. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Aggeu Magalhães Institute. Recife, PE, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Aggeu Magalhães Institute. Recife, PE, Brazil.
Organização Mundial da Saúde. Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brasil.
University of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma. Rome, Italy.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Aggeu Magalhães Institute. Recife, PE, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Aggeu Magalhães Institute. Recife, PE, Brazil.
Tropical Medicine Foundation Doctor Heitor Vieira Dourado. Manaus, AM, Brazil.
World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland.
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Silver Spring. Maryland, USA.
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Silver Spring. Maryland, USA.
Department of Chronic Condition Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections. Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Department of Chronic Condition Diseases and Sexually Transmitted Infections. Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Gonçalo Muniz Institute. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Clinical Research Laboratory in Acute Febrile Diseases. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Aggeu Magalhães Institute. Recife, PE, Brazil / National Reference Center for Tropical Infectious Diseases. Hamburg, Germany.
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Virology and Experimental Therapy. Recife, PE, Brazil.
Abstract
We generated 238 Zika virus (ZIKV) genomes from 135 persons in Brazil who had samples collected over 1 year to evaluate virus persistence. Phylogenetic inference clustered the genomes together with previously reported ZIKV strains from northern Brazil, showing that ZIKV has been remained relatively stable over time. Temporal phylogenetic analysis revealed limited within-host diversity among most ZIKV-persistent infected associated samples. However, we detected unusual virus temporal diversity from >5 persons, uncovering the existence of divergent genomes within the same patient. All those patients showed an increase in neutralizing antibody levels, followed by a decline at the convalescent phase of ZIKV infection. Of interest, in 3 of those patients, titers of neutralizing antibodies increased again after 6 months of ZIKV infection, concomitantly with real-time reverse transcription PCR re-positivity, supporting ZIKV reinfection events. Altogether, our findings provide evidence for the existence of ZIKV reinfection events.
Keywords
Brazil
Zika virus
Epidemiology
Evolution
Genetic diversity
Reinfection
Vector-borne infections
Viruses
 
Publisher
National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Citation
CASTILHO, Marcia da Costa et al. Evidence of Zika Virus Reinfection by Genome Diversity and Antibody Response Analysis, Brazil. Emerging Infectious Diseases, v. 30, n. 2, p. 310-320, Feb. 2024.
DOI
10.3201/eid3002.230122
ISSN
1080-6040
Notes
Author contributions: A.M.B.F., M.G., V.F., L.C.J.A., L.C.M., and C.D. performed sequencing assays and data analysis, M.C.C., C.H.A.B.-M., and A.M-N. laboratory procedures and clinical data collection; G.A.C., E.K., and N.B. performed data analysis and clinical support; R.L.B. performed microneutralization assays, K.M. performed study supervision and data analysis, G.L.W. performed phylogenetic analysis and manuscript editing, R.F.O.F. conceived and supervised the study and wrote the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript. The authors declare they have no conflict of interests, and the funders had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.