INTRODUCTION: American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a non-contagious infectious disease caused by Leishmania. These parasites can cause a wide spectrum of diseases in humans, such as cutaneous (CL) and disseminated (DL) leishmaniasis. Studies have shown that the immune response during ATL varies among different clinical forms of the disease with differences in oxidative response. The hypothesis tested was that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in macrophages from DL patients differs from that observed in macrophages from CL patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the production of ROS and NO after infection with isolates of L. (V.) braziliensis, obtained from different clinical forms, in macrophages from CL and DL patients, as well as healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The production of ROS and NO in macrophages from CL and DL patients, as well as healthy individuals, was evaluated. The results were obtained using Flow Cytometry and Confocal Microscopy, employing fluorescent probes to quantify ROS, including superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as NO. RESULTS: The evaluation of ROS production over 2, 4, and 8 hours of infection revealed a similar behavior between macrophages from CL and DL patients. However, a distinct behavior was observed in the macrophages from CL patients compared to macrophages from healthy individuals during the first 2 and 4 hours of infection with the DL isolate. As for NO production, a similar behavior was observed between macrophages from CL, DL patients, and healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The production of ROS and NO in macrophages from DL patients showed no significant differences compared to macrophages from CL patients, even after infection with isolates of CL and DL. However, statistically significant differences in ROS production were found between macrophages from CL patients and those from healthy individuals after infection with DL isolates.