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https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/65121
FELINE SPOROTRICHOSIS: POTASSIUM IODIDE IN ASSOCIATION WITH ITRACONAZOLE IN THE TREATMENT OF 18 CASES
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Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is an implantation mycosis due to involvement of other sites beyond the skin and the subcutaneous tissues, and it is considered a neglected disease of humans and animals. Sporothrix brasiliensis is the species of the Sporothrix complex responsible for the ongoing endemic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Treatment of feline sporotrichosis presents a challenging and long term endeavor. Although Itraconazole (ITZ) remains the drug of choice, treatment failure is being reported in literature. Thus, this study evaluate the association of potassium iodide (KI) 2.5mg to 10mg/kg capsule and ITZ 100mg/day capsule in 18 cats with sporotrichosis confirmed by culture and no previous history of oral antifungal therapy. This case series is part of an open clinical trial. The cats were mostly male (n=14) in good overall conditional (n=16). Age ranged from 8 to 72 months. Six weeks was the median time to owners sought for veterinarian assistance after the appearance of the lesion. Fourteen cats had only ulcers and 4 ulcers and nodules. The head was the most affected site (n=9). In addition to skin lesions, seven cats presented involvement of the nasal mucosa, being rhinorhea the most frequent respiratory signal associated. All cats achieved clinical cure and one presented reactivation 3 months after discharge. Median time to achieve complete healing of the lesions was 10 weeks and the association of KI and ITZ was maintained for an additional month after clinical cure. Eight cats had a mild increase in hepatic transaminase levels during the treatment and seven of them presented clinical signs suggestive of hepatotoxicity. The association of KI and ITZ is a promising alternative for feline sporotrichosis and might represent a higher cure rate, a reduced period of treatment and less cases of reactivation as compared to ITZ monotherapy.
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