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SEVERE DENGUE–RELATED DEATHS IN THE ELDERLY POPULATION SOARED IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL IN 2024
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Núcleo de Bioinformática. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Entomologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Núcleo de Bioinformática. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Núcleo de Bioinformática. Recife, PE, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Entomologia. Recife, PE, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Santa Maria, RS, Brasil / Department of Arbovirology and Entomolog. Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine. WHO Collaborating Center for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research. National Reference Center for Tropical Infectious Diseases. Bernhard-Nocht-Straße, Germany.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Entomologia. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Núcleo de Bioinformática. Recife, PE, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Doenças Febris Agudas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Núcleo de Bioinformática. Recife, PE, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departamento de Entomologia. Recife, PE, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Santa Maria, RS, Brasil / Department of Arbovirology and Entomolog. Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine. WHO Collaborating Center for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research. National Reference Center for Tropical Infectious Diseases. Bernhard-Nocht-Straße, Germany.
Abstract
Introduction: Dengue fever is expanding worldwide on the track of climate change. In 2024, more than 14 million cases were reported. Around 6.5 million of those were reported in Brazil alone, reaching a staggering number of around 6000 deaths. Dengue lethality in severe cases were particularly high in Rio Grande do Sul, a historically less affected state which has witnessed an increased incidence and outbreaks in the last 4 years. Design: In this report, we raised some hypotheses to explain the high lethality. Results: Rio Grande do Sul has the highest proportion of elderly individuals among all states in Brazil. This factor, associated with the immunologically naive population, low levels of awareness to detect and treat severe dengue, and the difficulties in managing elderly patients, may have contributed to this higher lethality in severe dengue. Conclusions: The expected increasing dengue incidence in the region in the subsequent years highlights the urgent need of an integrated approach to raise awareness, reduce mosquito populations, and reduce dengue burden in the region, particularly, in the most vulnerable elderly population.
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