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SARS-COV-2 CROSS-SECTIONAL SEROSURVEY ACROSS THREE HIV-1 THERAPEUTIC CLINICAL TRIALS IN AFRICA
Papot, Emmanuelle et al. | Date Issued: 2025
Author
Papot, Emmanuelle
Tovar-Sanchezb, Tamara
Woodsc, Joana
Thaurignac, Guillaume
Eriobu, Nnakelu
Borok, Margaret
Kaplan, Richard
Avihingsanon, Anchalee
Azwa, Iskandar
Grinsztejng, Beatriz
Kumarasamyj, Nagalingeswaran
Sokhela, Simiso
Mpoudi-Etame, Mireille
Arriaga, Maria
Jacoby, Simone
Matthews, Gail V.
Losso, Marcelo H.
Khoo, Saye
Calmy, Alexandra
Kouanfack, Charles
Ayouba, Ahidjo
Petoumenos, Kathy
Venter, W.D. Francois
Delaporte, Eric
Polizzotto, Mark N.
Affilliation
University of New South Wales Sydney. The Kirby Institute. Therapeutic and Vaccine Research Program. NSW, Australia.
University of Montpellier-IRD-INSERM. TransVIHMI. Montpellier, France.
University of the Witwatersrand. Faculty of Health Sciences. Ezintsha. Johannesburg, South Africa.
University of Montpellier-IRD-INSERM. TransVIHMI. Montpellier, France.
Institute of Human Virology Nigeria. Abuja, Nigeria.
University of Zimbabwe Clinical Research Centre. Harare, Zimbabwe.
Desmond Tutu Health Foundation. Cape Town, South Africa.
The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration. Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre. Bangkok, Thailand.
University of Malaya. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Medicine. Infectious Diseases Unit. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Clinical Research Site. Infectious Diseases Medical Centre. Voluntary Health Services. Chennai, India.
University of the Witwatersrand. Faculty of Health Sciences. Ezintsha. Johannesburg, South Africa.
Military Hospital Region N°1. Yaoundé, Cameroon.
University of New South Wales Sydney. The Kirby Institute. Therapeutic and Vaccine Research Program. NSW, Australia.
University of New South Wales Sydney. The Kirby Institute. Therapeutic and Vaccine Research Program. NSW, Australia.
University of New South Wales Sydney. The Kirby Institute. Therapeutic and Vaccine Research Program. NSW, Australia.
Coordinación en Investigación Clínica Académica en Latinoamérica Fundación IBIS. Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool. Liverpool, UK.
Geneva University Hospitals. HIV/AIDS Unit Director. Geneva, Switzerland.
Central Hospital of Yaoundé. Yaoundé, Cameroon.
University of Montpellier-IRD-INSERM. TransVIHMI. Montpellier, France.
University of New South Wales. The Kirby Institute. Biostatistics and Databases Program. Sydney, NSW, Australia.
University of the Witwatersrand. Faculty of Health Sciences. Ezintsha. Johannesburg, South Africa.
University of Montpellier-IRD-INSERM. TransVIHMI. Montpellier, France.
University of New South Wales. The Kirby Institute. Therapeutic and Vaccine Research Program. Sydney, NSW, Australia / The Australian National University. College of Health and Medicine. Clinical Hub for Interventional Research. Australia.
Abstract
Objective: Data on the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people with HIV (PWH) are lacking in resource-constrained settings. We utilized existing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on antiretroviral therapies (ART) in HIV-1 infection to conduct a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurvey, between January and March 2021, while characterizing participants' features. Design: Cross-sectional serosurvey. Methods: Demographic characteristics, medical history and a serum sample were collected from consenting PWH. Samples were analyzed centrally for immunoglobulin G antibodies to recombinant nucleocapsid and spike proteins derived from SARS-CoV-2 using a Luminex based assay. Results: The 549 participants recruited in 9 sites across Africa had a median age of 40 years (interquartile range, IQR [34-45]); 63.0% (346) were female. All were on ART; 81.8% (449) had an HIV-1 viral load <50 copies/ml, with CD4 + cell count median at 478/mm 3 (IQR [320-677]). None had received vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Forty participants (7.3%) had a prior SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing, of whom 10 were positive (1.8%). Crude SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 36.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) [32.2-40.4]). In the explorative multivariable analysis, comparison of the characteristics of PWH with a positive SARS-CoV-2 serology with those with a negative or indeterminate serology: PWH with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m 2 were more likely to have a positive serology than those with a BMI <25 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.39 [1.48-3.86], P < 0.001); and PWH living in Cameroon were less likely to have a positive serology. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a substantial seroprevalence level of SARS-CoV-2 in PWH in the first quarter of 2021, with a marked disparity with the number of COVID-19 PCR tests reported positive.
Keywords
Coronavirus disease 2019
People with HIV
Randomized clinical trials
Serology
 
Publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Citation
PAPOT, Emmanuelle et al. SARS-CoV-2 cross-sectional serosurvey across three HIV-1 therapeutic clinical trials in Africa. AIDS, v. 39, n. 4, p. 448-456, Mar. 2025.
Previous version
https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/68778
DOI
10.1097/QAD.0000000000004068
ISSN
0269-9370
Notes
On behalf of COHIVE study group (COHIVE consortium includes ADVANCE, DolPHIN2, D2EFT and NAMSAL study groups).