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ACUTE CHAGAS DISEASE INDUCES CEREBRAL MICROVASCULOPATHY IN MICE
Author
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório Morfologia e Morfogênese Vital Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Ultra-estrutura Celular. Rio de Janeiro, Rj, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório Morfologia e Morfogênese Vital Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Ultra-estrutura Celular. Rio de Janeiro, Rj, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Investigação Cardiovascular. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is the main clinical form of Chagas dise
ase (CD); however, cerebra
l manifestations, such as
meningoencephalitis, ischemic stroke and cognitive impairment, can also occur. The aim of the present study was to
investigate functional microvascular alterations and oxidative stress in the brain of mice in acute CD. Acute CD was induced
in Swiss Webster mice (SWM) with the Y strain of
Trypanosoma cruzi
(
T. cruzi
). Cerebral functional capillary density (the
number of spontaneously perfused capillaries), leukocyte rolling and adhesion and the microvascular endothelial-
dependent response were analyzed over a period of fifteen days using intravital video-microscopy. We also evaluated
cerebral oxidative stress with the thiobarbituric acid reactive species TBARS method. Compared with the non-infected
group, acute CD significantly induced cerebral functional microvascular alterations, including (i) functional capillary
rarefaction, (ii) increased leukocyte rolling and adhesion, (iii) the formation of microvascular platelet-leukocyte aggregates,
and (iv) alteration of the endothelial response to acetylcholine. Moreover, cerebral oxidative stress increased in infected
animals. We concluded that acute CD in mice induced cerebral microvasculopathy, characterized by a reduced incidence of
perfused capillaries, a high number of microvascular platelet-leukocyte aggregates, a marked increase in leukocyte-
endothelium interactions and brain arteriolar endothelial dysfunction associated with oxidative stress. These results suggest
the involvement of cerebral microcirculation alterations in the neurological manifestations of CD. Cardiomyopathy is the main clinical form of Chagas disease (CD); however, cerebral manifestations, such as meningoencephalitis, ischemic stroke and cognitive impairment, can also occur. The aim of the present study was to investigate functional microvascular alterations and oxidative stress in the brain of mice in acute CD. Acute CD was induced in Swiss Webster mice (SWM) with the Y strain of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). Cerebral functional capillary density (the number of spontaneously perfused capillaries), leukocyte rolling and adhesion and the microvascular endothelial-dependent response were analyzed over a period of fifteen days using intravital video-microscopy. We also evaluated cerebral oxidative stress with the thiobarbituric acid reactive species TBARS method. Compared with the non-infected group, acute CD significantly induced cerebral functional microvascular alterations, including (i) functional capillary rarefaction, (ii) increased leukocyte rolling and adhesion, (iii) the formation of microvascular platelet-leukocyte aggregates, and (iv) alteration of the endothelial response to acetylcholine. Moreover, cerebral oxidative stress increased in infected animals. We concluded that acute CD in mice induced cerebral microvasculopathy, characterized by a reduced incidence of perfused capillaries, a high number of microvascular platelet-leukocyte aggregates, a marked increase in leukocyte-endothelium interactions and brain arteriolar endothelial dysfunction associated with oxidative stress. These results suggest the involvement of cerebral microcirculation alterations in the neurological manifestations of CD.
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