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https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/10587
EFFECTIVENESS OF MENINGOCOCCAL C CONJUGATE VACCINE IN SALVADOR, BRAZIL: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Vacinas meningococica
Epidemia
Vigilância
Masculino
Feminino
Controle
Brasil
Author
Affilliation
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Municipal Secretary of Health of Salvador. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia.
Pan American Health Organization. Brasília, DF, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Pharmacy. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Collective Health. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia.
Pan American Health Organization. Brasília, DF, Brasil
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Federal University of Bahia. School of Pharmacy. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Abstract
During a citywide epidemic of serogroup C meningococcal disease in Salvador in 2010,
Brazil, the state government initiated mass vaccination targeting two age groups with high
attack rates: individuals aged <5 years and 10–24 years. More than 600,000 doses of meningococcal
serogroup C conjugate vaccines were administered. We performed a casecontrol
study to evaluate vaccine uptake, document vaccine effectiveness and identify reasons
for non-vaccination.
Methods and Findings
Population-based surveillance identified patients with laboratory-confirmed invasive meningococcal
C (MenC) disease during 2010. Information on MenC vaccination was obtained from
case patients and age-matched individuals from the same neighborhoods. MenC vaccine effectiveness
was estimated based on the exact odds ratios obtained by conditional logistic regression
analysis. Of 51 laboratory-confirmed cases of serogroup C meningococcal disease
among patients <5 and 10–24 years of age 50 were included in the study and matched with
240 controls. Overall case-fatality was 25%.MenC vaccine coverage among controls increased
from 7.1%to 70.2% after initiation of the vaccination campaign. None of the 50 case
patients but 70 (29.2%) of the 240 control individuals, including 59 (70.2%) of 84 matched with
cases from the period afterMenC vaccination, had received at least one MenC vaccine dose.
Overall effectiveness of MenC was 98%with a lower 95%exact confidence limit of 89%.
Conclusions
MenC vaccines administered during the meningococcal epidemic were highly effective,
suggesting that rapid vaccine uptake through campaigns contributed to control of
meningococcal disease.
Keywords in Portuguese
Doença meningococicaVacinas meningococica
Epidemia
Vigilância
Masculino
Feminino
Controle
Brasil
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