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GENOME ANALYSIS OF YELLOW FEVER VIRUS OF BRAZIL ONGOING OUTBREAK REVEALS POLYMORPHISMS
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Abstract
The current yellow fever (YF) outbreak in Brazil is the most severe recently
reported in the country. It has rapidly spread to areas where YF viral activity have not
been observed for more than seventy years and vaccine coverage is almost null. Here,
we sequenced the whole YF genome of two naturally infected howler-monkeys
(Alouatta clamitans) from the Municipality of Domingos Martins, State of Espírito
Santo, Brazil. The ongoing-outbreak genome sequences are identical. They clustered in
1E sub-clade (South America I genotype) together with recent Brazilian and
Venezuelan strains characterized from infections in humans and non-humans primates.
However, we detected eight unique amino acid changes in the viral proteins, which are
located in the structural capsid protein (1 change), and the components of viral replicase
complex, the NS3 (2 changes) and NS5 (5 changes) proteins, suggesting a potential role
in the capacity of viral infection to vertebrate and/or invertebrate hosts and spreading in
the ongoing outbreak.
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