Title:	Human norovirus detection in bivalve shellfish in Brazil and evaluation of viral infectivity using PMA treatment
Authors:	Sarmento, Sylvia Kahwage Guerra, Caroline Rezende Malta, Fábio Correia Coutinho, Ricardo Miagostovich, Marize Pereira Fumian, Tulio Machado
Affilliation:	Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Vorologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira. Departamento de Biotecnologia Marinha. Laboratório de Genética Marinha. Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brasil. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Vorologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Instituto de Estudos do Mar Almirante Paulo Moreira. Departamento de Biotecnologia Marinha. Laboratório de Genética Marinha. Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brasil. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Vorologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Vorologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Abstract:	Noroviruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans and bivalve shellfish consumption is a recognized route of infection. Our aim was to detect and characterize norovirus in bivalves from a coastal city of Brazil. Nucleic acid was extracted from the bivalve's digestive tissue concentrates using magnetic beads. From March 2018 to June 2019, 77 samples were screened using quantitative RT-PCR. Noroviruses were detected in 41.5%, with the GII being the most prevalent (37.7%). The highest viral load was 3.5 × 106 and 2.5 × 105 GC/g in oysters and mussels, respectively. PMA-treatment demonstrated that a large fraction of the detected norovirus corresponded to non-infectious particles. Genetic characterization showed the circulation of the GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P4] genotypes. Norovirus detection in bivalves reflects the anthropogenic impact on marine environment and serves as an early warning for the food-borne disease outbreaks resulting from the consumption of contaminated molluscs.
Keywords:	Norovirus Oysters Mussels PMA treatment Marine reserve Rio de Janeiro
keywords:	Norovirus Ostras Mexilhões Tratamento PMA Reserva marinha Rio de Janeiro
Issue Date:	2020
Publisher:	Elsevier
Citation:	SARMENTO, Sylvia Kahwage et al. Human norovirus detection in bivalve shellfish in Brazil and evaluation of viral infectivity using PMA treatment. Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 157, p. 1-9, June 2020.
DOI:	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111315
ISSN:	0025-326X
Embargo date:	2023
Copyright:	restricted access
Appears in Collections:	IOC - Artigos de Periódicos

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