Currently, mental health professionals say that there is no doubt about the existence of depression in children, who can even be affected at preschool age. Therefore, the perception of the family, school and educators is important to assist in early diagnosis, as well as in treatment. This article aims to carry out a literature review on depression in children, seeking statistical data published in Brazil, between 1995 and 2018, a period of 23 years. Scientific articles were investigated through the databases, Scielo, PubMed, PePSIC and Academic Google, resulting in 18 articles found. It is concluded that there is little research on the subject in Brazil, emphasizing the importance of the perception of the family, school and educators.