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THE ONGOING EVOLUTION OF VARIANTS OF CONCERN AND INTEREST OF SARS-COV-2 IN BRAZIL REVEALED BY CONVERGENT INDELS IN THE AMINO (N)-TERMINAL DOMAIN OF THE SPIKE PROTEIN
https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/49135
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Abstract
Mutations at both the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the amino (N)-terminal domain (NTD) of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike (S) glycoprotein can alter its antigenicity and promote immune escape. We identified that
SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil with mutations of concern in the RBD independently acquired convergent deletions and insertions
in the NTD of the S protein, which altered the NTD antigenic-supersite and other predicted epitopes at this region. Importantly,
we detected the community transmission of different P.1 lineages bearing NTD indels Δ69-70 (which can impact several SARS-CoV-2
diagnostic protocols), Δ144 and ins214ANRN, and a new VOI N.10 derived from the B.1.1.33 lineage carrying three NTD deletions (Δ141–
144, Δ211, and Δ256–258). These findings support that the ongoing widespread transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil generates new
viral lineages that might be more resistant to antibody neutralization than parental variants of concern.
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