Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in Brazil in 2015, which was followed by an increase of Guillain–Barre Syndrome (GBS)cases. We report the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory findings of the first six neurological cases associated with ZIKVinBrazil seen in a reference neurology hospital in Pernambuco,Brazil. In allcases, ZIKV was detected in serum and/or cerebros pinal fluid(CSF) samples. In this case series, four cases were defined as GBS, one as acuted isseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and the other as encephalitis. ZIKV was detected in all cases by RT-PCR and virus isolation was successful in two patients. The time between ZIKV acute symptoms and the development of neurological mani festations varied from 3 to 13 days and ZIKV was detected between 15 and 34 days after the initial symptoms. Our results high light the need to include ZIKV as a differential diagnosis for neurological syndromes in countries with circulation of this arbovirus. Because the viremia in thesepatients appearstopersist longer, direct diagnostic techniques such as RT-PCR and viral isolation should be considered even if it is after the acute phase of viral infection.